Secure and Insecure Attachment - Paper - 1038 Words

STAGES OF ATTACHMENT Secure and Insecure Attachment Elif Ercanli Johnson County Community Collage Attachment is a lasting emotional bond between people. According to Berger (2011) it begins before birth, solidifies age, and influences relationships throughout life. The concept of attachment was originally developed by John Bowlby (1969,1973,1988), a British developmentalist influenced by psychoanalytic theory and ethology, the study of animals, a precursor to evolutionary psychology. ( Schore, 2001)Attachment theory is fundamentally a theory of the development of the personality over the lifespan (Ainsworth amp; Bowlby, 1992) Stages of Attachment Birth to 6 weeks: Preattachment. Newborns signal, via crying and body movements, that they†¦show more content†¦12 to 18 years New attachment figures. Teenagers explore and make friendships on their own, using their working models of earlier attachments as a base. With more advanced, formal operational thinking (Piaget), physical contact is less important; share ideals and goals are more influential. 18 years on Attachment revisited. Adults develop relationship with others, especially relationships with romantic partners and children, influenced by earlier attachment patterns. Past insecure attachments from childhood can be repaired rather than repeated, although this does not always happen. According to kallen attachment is classified into four types, labeled A, B, C, and D. Insecure-avoidant attachment (A) A patterns of attachment in which an infant avoids connection with the caregivers, as when the infant seems not to care about the caregiver’s presence, departure, or return. Secure attachment (B) A relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver. Insecure-resistant/ambivalent attachment (type C) A pattern of attachment in which anxiety and uncertainty are evident, as when an infant becomes very upset at separation from the caregivers and both resists and seeks contact on reunion. Disorganized attachment (type D) A type of attachment that is marked by an infant’s inconsistent reactions to the caregiver’s departure and return. Types A and C is characterized by fear, anxiety,Show MoreRelatedJohn Bowlby s Theory Of Attachment1423 Words   |  6 Pagestheory of attachment asserts that an infant forms an attachment to the primary caregiver to ensure survival. Developmental psychologist Mary Ainsworth furthered this idea by devising attachment styles in infants. Ainsworth believed that the quality of care given by the mother or primary caregiver results in the infant developing a secure or insecure attachment. Ainsworth identified three attachment styles, namely; secure, avoidant and anxious/ambivalent attachments. As the word infers, a secure infantRead MoreThe Effects Of Childhood Maltreatment On Children And Families1112 Words   |  5 Pagesand others are created (Marmarosh Tasca, 2013 and Snyder, Shapiro, Treleaven, 2012). These experiences are associated with the development of neural pathways in the brain that control responses to stress (Marmarosh Tasca, 2013), and impact attachments and relations hips in adulthood (Snyder, Shapiro, Treleaven, 2012). The diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been used for nearly three decades (Kisiel, Fehrenback, Torgersen, 2014). It has been proposed that the various consequencesRead MoreThe Emotional Bond Between A Parent And Their Child1469 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Bowlby theorized attachment as the emotional bond between a parent and their child (Stevenson-Hinde, 2007). How secure this bond is can influence a variety of areas in the child’s development. 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Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, AMU, Aligarh. __________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: __________________________________________________________________________________ This paper describes the development and standardization ofRead MoreI Will Be Using Emotion Focused Therapy1520 Words   |  7 PagesI will be using Emotion Focused Therapy, and in particular will concentrate on Attachment Theory within EFT to conceptualize Ally’s presenting difficulties that she came to therapy for. A key premise of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) is that emotion is foundational in the construction of the self and is a key element of self organization (Greenberg, 2004). 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The security of attachment between an infant and their primary caregiver can have profound consequences for the developing brain, impacting an infant’s future relationships, self-esteem, and ability to self-regulate emotions (Carrut h, 2006). Attachment theory, first theorized by John Bowlby (1988), stresses the significance of secure attachments in relation